The second period: from 1869, when the First Census of the Argentine Republic was carried out, up to 1967. The Census constitutes the starting point, in the area of statistical analysis, of this second period characterized by a government participation that has been continuously increasing and organizing itself over time.
1869
First Census of the Argentine Republic under the presidency of Domingo Faustino Sarmiento. The objective was the registration of residency of the population and the researches were very elementary.
1888
First Census on Agriculture and Livestock. It is considered to be "the first serious research" related to the subject that was conducted in the country. It provided the basis for a clear understanding of the situation of the country.
1894
Creation of the General Statistics Office of the Argentine Republic, dependent on the Ministry of Finance (Argentine Law No. 3 180).
1895
Second Census of the Argentine Republic under the presidency of José Evaristo Uriburu. It includes information regarding demography, agriculture, and economy. Compared with the previous Census, the coverage is greater considering that is was carried out after the territorial unification of the country. The Industrial Census was part of the previously mentioned Second National Census and it is considered to be the first economic census of national coverage.
1908
National Agricultural Census. Agricultural industries were surveyed. It was the second time that women were employed for compilation (the first time was during the Census of the City of Buenos Aires in 1904.)
1914
Third National Census. It was carried out during the presidency of Victorino de la Plaza. It includes information regarding demography, agriculture, and economy. Compared with the first two national censuses, the scope of action of each census taker was reduced, which permitted a greater control. Indigenous peoples were not counted. The Industries Census was included in this operative.
1922
National Livestock Census. It was conducted by the General Rural Economy and Statistics Office and it constituted the basis for the registration of residency of producers.
1930
National Livestock Census. The information started to be processed mechanically.
1935
Industrial Census. It was an economic census conducted independently from the population census. It covered manufacturing and mining activities and excluded trading activities. Similar surveys were carried out for those areas every two years until 1943. This census constituted the basis for a process of registration of residency of industrial establishments which resulted in the creation of the Industrial Permanent Record.
1937
The General Agricultural Census constitutes a turning point in relation to the quantity and quality of the information provided. "Holleritz" mechanical equipment was used to process the information. By drilling the forms with the information contained in the book of the Census, a great number of data classifications and combinations were obtained.
1937-1943
Industrial Statistics. Argentine Law No. 12 104, when referring to the 1935 Industrial Census, established that "a permanent statistic shall be maintained on the basis of this census, and it shall be published before April 30th of each year." The obligation of the annual survey was not fulfilled, but some surveys were achieved: in 1937, 1939, 1941, 1943, and, after the 1947 Industrial Census, in 1948 and 1950.
1943
The General Statistics Office became known as the General Statistics and Censuses Office, still dependent on the Ministry of Finance (Argentine Decree-Law No. 10 785).
1944
The General Statistics and Censuses Office became known as the National Council of Statistics and Censuses dependent on the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Argentine Law No. 13 940).
1946
The National Council of Statistics and Censuses became known as the National Office of Research, Statistics, and Censuses dependent on the National Defense Council (Ministry of Internal Affairs) and on the Technical Secretariat of the Presidency (Argentine Executive Order No. 7 182).
1947
Fourth General Census of the Nation. It was carried out during the presidency of Juan Domingo Perón. It includes information regarding demography, agriculture, and economy. It constitutes a break with the three previous general censuses considering that it includes the family as an observation unit. Referring to the economic aspect, the coverage is extended by including a building census and a survey on the capitalization and savings companies and on the financial sector.
1950
The National Council of Statistics and Censuses became known as the General Statistical System Office belonging to the National Office of Technical Services of the Government dependent on the Ministry of Technical Affairs (Argentine Executive Order No. 5 240).
1952
National Agricultural Census. It was a decentralized operative: each provincial or territorial government was responsible for their work in their respective jurisdictions. The operations base was the primary school, center of the survey. In addition, the General Statistical Service Office became known as the National Office of Statistical Service, simultaneously depending on the Ministry of Technical Affairs and on the Ministry of Finance (Argentine Executive Order No. 853).
1954
Mining, Industrial, and Trade Census. It was carried out independently from the population census. It covered manufacturing, trade, mining, social and personal services, and services provided to businesses. Activities related to the banking, insurance, real estate, and transportation sectors were not included on this census.
1956
Creation of the National Office of Statistics and Censuses dependent on the Ministry of Finance (Argentine Executive Order No. 4 220).
1960
Population, Housing, and Agriculture National Census. It was carried out during the presidency of Arturo Frondizi. It constitutes a break with the legalistic nature of previous censuses due to the fact that it incorporated to the marital status the concept of "non-matrimonial or free unions". The unit of analysis "family" was replaced by "home". The system of data entry to mechanical forms was used for the compilation of the information.
1964
Economic National Census. It incorporated the "services" sector which included the following areas: manufacturing, mining and quarrying, construction companies, utilities (electricity, natural gas, water), sanitation services, trade, commercial services, among others.
